Jerusalem Forever

Zola Levitt

Jerusalem Forever © 2002 by Zola Levitt Ministries, Inc.

P. O. Box 12268

Dallas, Texas 75225

(214) 696-8844

www. levitt. com

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form

without permission from the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations

embodied in critical articles or reviews.

ISBN: 1-930749-41-4

Printed in the United States of America

Contents

Introduction. ................................................................................7

The Beginnings, 2000-1500 BC. .................................................7

In the Land, 1500-1000 BC. ........................................................8

The City of David, 1000-500 BC. ...............................................9

A City Besieged, 500 BC-0. ......................................................11

Unto You a Child is Born, 0-500 AD. .......................................12

A Capital Lost. ..........................................................................14

Enter the Moslems, 500-1000 AD. ............................................16

A Holy Cause, 1000-1500 AD. .................................................16

A Promised Deferred, 1500-2000 AD. ......................................17

A Capital Reclaimed. ................................................................18

The Forever City, 2000-3000? AD. ...........................................18

Eternity. .....................................................................................19

Sha'alu Shalom Yerushalayim!

Pray for the peace of Jerusalem!

Introduction

erusalem—the name has resounded throughout the

centuries. It has been the focus of the cryptic utterances of

Jancient prophets, the fervent prayers of displaced Jews, the

battle charges of misguided Crusaders, and the ominous

headlines of modern journalists. For Jerusalem is much more

than a city of this world. Its history goes back some 4,000 years,

and its future will stretch forward 1,000 years in the kingdom to

come. It will be the capital of the Lord’s millennial reign on

earth, and the Church—now His bride and then His wife and

queen—will reign with Him there.

But Jerusalem’s existence will last beyond even the

millennial kingdom. God is going to replace both heaven and

earth (2 Peter 3:10-13), but He will keep one city throughout

eternity—Jerusalem.

As I take my pilgrims there on our Israel tours, we stand on

the Mount of Olives or Mount Scopus with the city spread

before us and I state, “The city you see now will last forever.”

There is certainly no other place on earth that can make such a

claim! Beneath the stones and earth we see there today lies a

destiny greater than that of any other city on earth.

The Beginnings, 2000-1500 BC

Jerusalem is probably the only place in the world where you

can stand in one spot and revisit 4,000 years of history. It marks

the destination of Abraham after the Lord’s command, “Take

now thy son, thine only son Isaac, whom thou lovest, and get

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thee into the land of Moriah; and offer him there for a burnt

offering upon one of the mountains which I will tell thee of”

(Genesis 22:2). The Scripture says that Abraham rose up and

answered God, “Hineni... Here am I.”

Abraham and Isaac traveled from Beersheba, which would

be to the south about a three days’ journey on foot. Arriving on

the hills to the south of Jerusalem they could see Mount Moriah,

which today is marked by the Moslem shrine the Dome of the

Rock. Jerusalem rests in a kind of bowl surrounded on three

sides by mountains, and Mount Moriah is a rough hill in the

middle of it. Its summit is the traditional site where Abraham

presented Isaac as a sacrifice and was stopped by the Lord, who

provided His own offering in Isaac’s place and thereby

foreshadowed the future offering of His own Son for the sins of

mankind.

There wasn’t an established city on Mount Moriah at the

time of Abraham. Instead, it fell within the domain of

Melchizedek, the king of Salem who was “the priest of the most

high God” (Genesis 14:18). Abraham paid homage to this king,

and Scripture records that he made sacrifices to God at this

place. So even at this early date, 4,000 years ago, the Lord was

worshiped here.

In the Land, 1500-1000 BC

After Abraham’s time, the Canaanite tribe of the Jebusites

founded the village that later came down to us as Jerusalem, a

Jebusite name. The Biblical record falls silent on the city’s

history until after the Jewish people went down to dwell in

Egypt, first under Joseph’s protection and then as slaves for the

remainder of their 400 year stay (Gen. 46-Ex. 1). With God’s

miraculous provision, they escaped their Egyptian bondage,

traveled the wilderness for 40 years, and then triumphantly

entered Canaan with Joshua as their conquering general. Much

of the land was subdued by the Israelites and Joshua’s triumphs

were trumpeted throughout the land. The people were then

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overseen by a series of judges, but the land grew lawless and the

tribes of Israel often contended with each other. Finally, in

disobedience to God’s instructions given through Moses, the

people demanded a monarch to rule over them so they could be

like the peoples in the surrounding nations. Saul was chosen as

king, but when he rebelled against the Lord’s command, God

turned to a seemingly insignificant shepherd boy in Bethlehem,

the youngest son of Jesse, and anointed him as king of Israel.

The City of David, 1000-500 BC

David’s exploits in battle, beginning with his defeat of the

Philistine giant Goliath in the valley of Elah, quickly revealed

him to be a military genius. Although Jerusalem was at this time

a small city, it rested on territory that was not claimed by any

one Israeli tribe and David chose to move his capital from

Hebron to a low hillside on the south side of what was to one

day become the Temple Mount. After a battle with the resident

Jebusites, David and his army took the city. From this strategic

location, he could work to unite his fractured people. This “City

of David” marks the beginning of the Jewish claim to Jerusalem

(and hence 1996 saw the celebration in Israel of “Jerusalem

3000” in recognition of their 3,000-year history there).

At a later date, David purchased land from Araunah, a

Jebusite. The account is recorded in 2 Samuel 24. David found

himself in trouble with the Lord for commanding a census to be

taken of all his fighting men, thereby placing his faith in military

might rather than in God’s strength. The angel of the Lord

punished David’s sin by infecting the people with a plague,

making his way through the land until he came to the threshing

floor on Araunah’s land. The prophet Gad instructed David to

quickly build an altar to the Lord there. “So David bought the

threshing floor and the oxen for fifty shekels of silver. And

David built there an altar unto the Lord.” Through Gad, he had

been guided by the hand of the Lord to buy the very site where

tradition holds Abraham offered Isaac in sacrifice—Mount

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Moriah.

Scripture does not tell us if David was aware of the

particular significance of this site. It’s possible that certain wise

men in his court knew of it from the Torah, the first five books

of the Bible, and they could have advised David that this was a

holy site. But regardless of whether or not he knew this, he

purchased the land and designated it as the site of the future

Temple. But God objected to his plans to build the Temple,

since as a warrior King David’s hands were stained with blood.

God used the occasion to say, in effect, “Do you think you will

build a house for me? No, I will build your house” (1 Chron.

17). And so God’s redemptive plans were furthered by His

promise to forever establish David’s throne, from which one day

would rule the King of kings.

The task of building God’s house was given to David’s son

Solomon, whose name Shlomo comes from the word shalom and

means “peace.” His 40-year reign was a time of unprecedented

peace and prosperity in Israel, and it was during this time that

the mighty first Temple of God was constructed. It was one of

the most magnificent buildings ever produced by man, and was

certainly a rival to the renowned Greek, Roman and Egyptian

temples of the time. Counting the esplanades and courtyards

within the walls, it was the largest temple ever built. For its

construction, Solomon acquired cedar trees from Lebanon from

his friend Hiram, King of Tyre, offloading them at Jaffa to be

carried up to Jerusalem. Thirty-four acres of stone blocks

formed different levels with ramps and bridges. The great

Cheops pyramid of Egypt could have been placed three times

within the Temple complex! If you stood in Jerusalem at that

time, you would have seen a building that would engulf the

modem Dome of the Rock on all sides, the tower in front

extending up 20 stories, like the buildings we see today on top of

the Mount of Olives and Mount Scopus. This holy place of

worship stood as a magnificent triumph, a tribute to God, the

real adornment of Jerusalem.

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A City Besieged, 500 BC-0

But Solomon’s son Rehoboam was not a wise king and the

nation split under his leadership, with the northern ten tribes

forming Israel and the southern two forming Judah. A series of

wicked kings weakened the land spiritually and militarily, and

eventually the Assyrians conquered and exiled the northern

tribes in 722 BC. Judah held out for a time longer, but in 605 BC

Nebuchadnezzar and the Chaldeans besieged Jerusalem. The

walled city that surrounds today’s golden Dome of the Rock was

encompassed about by armies. In 586 they conquered and razed

the city, just as Jeremiah the prophet had predicted. The Temple

was toppled, burned, and tom apart. The Apocrypha, which is

not included in Protestant Bibles because it is not considered the

inspired Word of God, states that Jeremiah hid the Mercy Seat

of the Lord and the artifacts from the Holy of Holies, but it isn’t

known whether this account is factual. We do know that

Nebuchadnezzar carted off many of the sacred Temple vessels

because Daniel 5 relates that they were displayed later at a party

in Babylon.

This party is a very familiar story in Scripture, because the

fingers of a disembodied hand appeared and wrote a mysterious

message on a wall— Mene mene tekel upharsin. King Belshazzar

summoned Daniel the prophet to explain the words. The phrase

is in Aramaic and is difficult to translate, but it basically means,

“The party’s over.” They had gone too far. They had offended

the God of Israel by their sacrilegious treatment of the snuffers,

golden spoons and candlesticks used for holy worship in the

Temple. The consequences were swift and devastating. Even

while the Babylonians celebrated, the Persians were tunneling

into the city and that very night the king was overthrown and

killed. Daniel survived and, although he had an episode with

lions under Darius the Mede, he was eventually honored by the

Persian King Cyrus, who is called a “righteous Gentile” because

he respected the Jewish people as the Chosen People.

Ultimately, he allowed them to return and rebuild Jerusalem.

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One of those who returned, Zerubbabel, made plans to lay

the foundation for a new Temple. You would have seen, had you

been there, the sad ruins of the old Temple, with workmen

clearing away rubble and trying to construct a new building even

while they were at war with the Samaritans. It was a crazy plan,

but Zerubbabel succeeded, although the new Temple couldn’t

hold a candle to the one that had come before. In Haggai, we

hear the prophet crying, “Is it not, in comparison with the first

Temple, like nothing?” The former residents of the city, who

must have been in their nineties at that time, recalled to mind the

magnificent Temple of Solomon ... and wept. But then Haggai

exclaimed, “I will fill this house with glory” (Haggai 2:7),

referring to the time when the Messiah Himself would enter the

Temple.

Zerubbabel laid the foundation for the second Temple, small

though it was, and Ezra and Nehemiah strengthened and walled

the city of Jerusalem. Israel was occupied by the Persians, and

then by the Greeks under Alexander the Great. In the centuries

before Christ the people of Israel were ruled by other nations,

but at least they were back in the land.

In 165 BC Antiochus the Syrian defiled the Temple by

sacrificing a pig on the altar in an attempt to eradicate worship

there—another of Satan’s “final solutions” to the Jewish

problem. But the Maccabee family revolted against him, threw

him out, and rededicated the Temple. A small cruse containing

just enough oil to burn for one day, instead burned for eight days

—the one day it was supposed to burn, plus seven while they

consecrated new oil—and this led to the eight-day festival called

Hanukkah, the Feast of Re-dedication. We know that Jesus

celebrated this event, for John 10:22 says, “He went down to

Jerusalem, it was winter, for the Feast of Dedication.”

Unto You a Child is Born, 0-500 AD

And now we approach the coming of the Messiah. Herod the

Great, although a cruel and most decidedly ungodly king,

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beautified Jerusalem before Jesus’ birth, transforming it into a

magnificent Hellenistic city. He built up the Temple Mount and

remodeled the Temple itself into a grand, impressive edifice.

The Greeks and then the Romans had occupied Jerusalem,

building impressive architectural structures. But they were

pagans, without regard for the people of Israel or their God. The

Romans constructed a hippodrome, a racetrack. The naked

athletes and their Olympic games and sports, so different from

the standards of Jewish taste and decency, scandalized the

Jewish people. Although some of the wealthy Jews adopted

certain aspects of Greek style and culture in their everyday lives,

as a nation they were content to perform their quiet sacrificial

worship in the Temple, which continued unabated up to the

arrival of the Messiah.

Jesus brought His people a radical message. He taught them

that their worship had become mere rituals, that the motive of

the heart was paramount, not the outward practices. He preached

in the Sermon on the Mount that He brought a kingdom for the

meek, for the poor in spirit, and those persecuted for His name’s

sake. But this was not the promised kingdom they had come to

envision; they sought a king who would overthrow Rome. They

wanted Jerusalem to be the political capital of a mighty nation,

not the center of a spiritual revolution to transform hearts. And

so their Messiah was set up to be crucified, His message

misunderstood and scorned by all but a few.

If you had stood there that night, you would have seen a

procession around the Temple site from the Antonia fortress up

the hill to Mount Zion, which held the house of Caiaphas, the

high priest. Jesus went with His disciples to the Garden of

Gethsemane, whose current location is to the right of the Dome

of the Rock in a clump of trees just as the mountain starts up

again on the right side of the gold dome. There on the Mount of

Olives He spent the night in agonized prayer as He waited to be

arrested and then crucified. Across the valley He could see the

city from which He was destined to rule forever. But that

rulership would be unlike any the world had ever known, for this

was to be a King who could save His people, not from political

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oppression, but from their very own sin. And for that reason He

willingly paid the ultimate price, and for the joy set before Him

of a restored relationship with His people, He endured the shame

of death on a cross.

And Jerusalem, blind to what it had done, went on. There

were now two sects of Jews, one a small group called

Ma’aminim Meshichim—believers in the Messiah. On the

Sunday after Passover there must have been confusion in the

streets as the Jews celebrated the Festival of First Fruits, which

is prescribed in Leviticus 23:10-12 as “the morrow after the

Sabbath.” Surely they must have run into the Jewish believers,

who said, “This is Resurrection Sunday.” This was the

beginning of the clash between Passover and Easter. First Fruits

lost its name to the goddess Isthar, or Easter. There must have

been quite a few Jews converted, because eventually the Jews

apparently became alarmed and dropped the celebration of the

First Fruits entirely. They could not afford to have it too closely

associated with the Resurrection, and today the average Jew

cannot even identify this feast, even though it is clearly spelled

out in the Torah.

A Capital Lost

Prior to this loss of First Fruits, the Jewish people rebelled

against their oppressors. The Romans overran Jerusalem in 70

AD and destroyed the Temple. The Church, led by the apostles,

was scattered in the Diaspora, which in turn enabled the spread

of the Gospel beyond Judea and Samaria to “the uttermost part

of the earth,” as Jesus had commanded in Acts 1:8. The first

century AD ended with the Apostle John exiled on the isle of

Patmos, where he wrote the book of Revelation, the last book in

the Bible.

In 135 AD, the Roman emperor Hadrian ordered that a

pagan colony be established in Jerusalem. He changed its name

to Aelia Capitoliana and the name of Israel to Palestine, a name

derived from the Philistines, an ancient enemy of the Jewish

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people whose name he found in historical and Biblical records.

The Jews revolted again in the Bar-Kochba uprising, and the

Roman legions responded by crushing the nation.

Despite modern claims, the changing of Israel’s name to

Palestine by Hadrian had nothing to do with Moslem

Palestinians, whose religion would not appear on the world’s

stage for another 500 years. Hadrian’s purpose was to eradicate

any Jewish influence in the land.

As a result, the Jews became disheartened and many were

dispersed to other countries. Some remained in Jerusalem to

pray on Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. It was a grievous

time for the Chosen People, cut off from the land even in name.

The Wailing Wall may well have gotten its name during such a

time.

To the utter horror of the Jewish faithful, the Roman temple

of Jupiter was constructed on the Temple Mount in place of the

shattered second Temple of God. But the Roman Empire itself

was in ruins. Their buildings were built better than their

government, and when that government fell the outlying temples

were taken over by native peoples. The temple of Jupiter in

Jerusalem was old and dilapidated by the time the Moslems

finally arrived in the Holy Land in the 600s.

The Byzantines were next on the scene, coming after the

dispersion of the Jews by the Romans in 135 AD and before the

arrival of the Moslems. Between the 4th and 5th centuries,

Queen Helena and her son Constantine of the Eastern Roman

Empire became Christians. In fact, they declared that their whole

empire should become Christian. As a result, Christianity no

doubt inherited millions of unbelievers, who adopted

Christianity as a political expediency rather than as the true

religion. When they came to Israel they built a number of

churches, some of which can still be toured. Although they

selected what they believed to be the holiest Christian places for

their construction, they were not always accurate. However,

despite the sometimes questionable authenticity of their sites and

their worship, they were a Christian influence in the land from

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about 300 to 600 AD.

Enter the Moslems, 500-1000 AD

The Moslems entered the nation at the end of this period and

expelled the Byzantines from the land. The Moslem prophet

Mohammed was born in 575, and not until 632 did his followers

go riding through country after country trying to convert the

people. Notice how many years have come and gone, and we are

just now coming to the first Arab presence in Jerusalem, some

600 years after Christ. David made Jerusalem the capital of

Israel 1,600 years before Christ’s birth, and Abraham, the father

of the nation, established his presence there even 1,000 years

earlier than that.

Into the new “Palestine” came the Arabs, and they built the

Dome of the Rock, the golden dome you see on the Temple

Mount today. It’s still there after 13 centuries, in use every day,

a marvelous structure of mosaic tile, with all of the Moslem

prayer artifacts.

A Holy Cause, 1000-1500 AD

If you had been in Jerusalem 300 years after the Moslem’s

arrival, you would have seen Christians from Europe come in

great armies to the land. These were the Crusaders, and their aim

was to capture the Holy Land from the “infidels.” You could

have watched them ride in, knights in armor with shields and

long spears—weapons the Arabs had never seen. Tragically, the

Crusaders did a poor job of proclaiming Christ. They forced

Jews into wooden synagogues, which they then burned down

around them. They slaughtered the Arabs, lopping off heads and

cutting them down wherever possible. Their control lasted for

more than a century.

Believing it to be Solomon’s original temple, the Crusaders

stationed knights at the Al Aqsa Mosque on the Temple Mount,

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an awesome example of failure to read the Old Testament. They

called themselves Knights Templar, the knights of the temple.

Eventually, around 1172 AD, they converted the Dome of the

Rock into a church (Templum Domini), put a cross on the top,

and established a monastery next to it. And now you had one of

the most remarkable constructions in human history—a

Christian cross on a Moslem dome on Roman pillars on Jewish

land.

The European Crusaders, however, were weakened by a

supply line that was too long, making them vulnerable to the

famed Moslem warrior Saladin. He rode in and fought the

Crusaders for ten years before finally defeating them in 1188,

thus precipitating the Third Crusade. This rule gave way to the

Mamluks from Egypt, and finally the Turkish Ottoman Empire.

The Turks ruled the Holy Land for 400 years, until 1917.

A Promised Deferred, 1500-2000 AD

Throughout these many centuries, the Jewish people

remained in Israel and in Jerusalem. A remnant of God’s people

never left and continued to pray for the “peace of Jerusalem,”

yearning to get back to the Western Wall, the only vestige of

their glorious former Temple.

As a consequence of World War I, the British came in and

took over control of the country. On November 2, 1917, they

issued the Balfour Declaration, legally encouraging and

allowing the Jews to at last re-establish their homeland.

However, although this right was promised, it was not actually

realized for another 30 years. After the devastating Holocaust of

World War II, the nations of the world—perhaps with a guilty

conscience—finally allowed the Jewish people to go back into

the city and into the land. But they had to contend with the

previous residents, among whom were Arabs. At that time they

were all called Palestinians. One evidence of this is that the

English newspaper of the Jewish culture in 1947 was called the

Palestinian Post. (The name has since been changed to the

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Jerusalem Post.)

A Capital Reclaimed

Israel’s modern history has transfixed the world. The day

after the declaration of Israel’s independence on May 14, 1948,

five Arab countries—Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon and Iraq—

attacked Israel. The War of Independence concluded in July

1949 with Israel as the victor. The Sinai campaign lasted eight

days in 1958, when Israel pushed Egypt back to the Suez Canal.

In the 1967 Six-Day War, Israel defeated Egypt, Syria, and

Jordan and reclaimed additional ground as a result, including the

entire city of Jerusalem. If you had been there, you would have

witnessed Jewish troops coming down the Mount of Olives to

the temple site where the Dome of the Rock is, taking the city

from the east. Jerusalem has been conquered 39 times in history,

which some people think is symbolic of the 39 stripes of the

temple punishment for sin. But Jerusalem has been conquered

for the last time, and now it will survive—forever!

The Forever City, 2000-3000? AD

Current history is not over and the future is not yet come,

but that’s not the end of Jerusalem’s story. Even after the

cataclysmic events of the End Times, the city will go on for

another 1,000 years.

Soon (and I feel it must be very soon), the Lord will return

for His bride, the Church, and whisk us away through the clouds

to His Father’s house in Heaven, where we’ll celebrate with

Jesus for seven years. On earth during that time, the entire

world, and Israel in particular, will endure the Great Tribulation,

in which the Antichrist will rise and, indwelt by Satan, come

against the people of the world and against the nation of God,

Israel. At the end of this horrific period, the Lord Jesus will

return to the earth, with us in tow, and vanquish the enemies of

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Israel once and for all at the battle of Armageddon. When the

smoke clears, the Lord will take His promised and rightful place

upon the throne of David in the Holy City, Jerusalem, to reign

for 1,000 years.

The Lord’s Millennial Temple will be there. The palace will

be there. And we’ll be there. We, the bride of Christ, will be the

queen of the kingdom living with the King of kings in the royal

palace. And Jerusalem will be a place of continual worship.

Zechariah 14:16 says, “It shall come to pass that every one that

is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall

even go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of

Hosts, and to keep the Feast of Tabernacles.”

Eternity

And at the end of this period, Jerusalem, the royal city, will

become the eternal city. In fact, it will be the only city remaining

when the Lord recreates heaven and earth.

And I saw a new heaven and a new earth: for the first

heaven and the first earth were passed away; and there was

no more sea. And I John saw the holy city, new Jerusalem,

coming down from God out of heaven, prepared as a bride

adorned for her husband. (Revelation 21:1, 2)

And he carried me away in the spirit to a great and high

mountain, and shewed me that great city, the holy Jerusalem,

descending out of heaven from God, having the glory of God:

and her light was like unto a stone most precious, even like a

jasper stone, clear as crystal; And had a wall great and high,

and had twelve gates, and at the gates twelve angels, and

names written thereon, which are the names of the twelve

tribes of the children of Israel. (Revelation 21:10-12)

Four thousand years ago, God chose a seemingly

insignificant spot in a seemingly insignificant land and there

determined to build for Himself a city, a people, a promise that

would last forever. Just as the stone that the builders rejected—

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Jesus—became the cornerstone on which God’s most lasting

edifice would be built—His redeemed people—even so God has

taken this one city, which the nations view as the trouble spot of

the world, and shaped it throughout history to become His home

and ours throughout eternity. Even so, come, Lord Jesus. And let

us all “pray for the peace of Jerusalem.”

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Notes

Notes

For further study, consider these publications available at

Zola Levitt Ministries:

Books

Jerusalem: The Truth (JTT)- UPDATED!

Glory (GLO)

Israel: Past and Present (IPP)

Videos

Jerusalem 3000 (VJER)

This is Israel (VTI)

Upon This Rock (VUTR)

Other

“Pray for the Peace of Jerusalem” Bumper Sticker (BS)

Map of Jerusalem (MOJ)

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Document Outline

- Jerusalem Forever

- Contents

- Introduction

- The Beginnings, 2000-1500 BC

- In the Land, 1500-1000 BC

- The City of David, 1000-500 BC

- A City Besieged, 500 BC-0

- Unto You a Child is Born, 0-500 AD

- A Capital Lost

- Enter the Moslems, 500-1000 AD

- A Holy Cause, 1000-1500 AD

- A Promised Deferred, 1500-2000 AD

- A Capital Reclaimed

- The Forever City, 2000-3000? AD

- Eternity

Table of Contents

Introduction.

In the Land, 1500-1000 BC.

The City of David, 1000-500 BC.

A City Besieged, 500 BC-0.

Unto You a Child is Born, 0-500 AD.

A Capital Lost.

Enter the Moslems, 500-1000 AD.

A Promised Deferred, 1500-2000 AD.

A Capital Reclaimed.

Eternity.

Jerusalem Forever

Contents