Melchisedec – A Character Study

By Robert W. Dallmann

Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are taken from the King James Version of the Holy Bible.

MELCHISEDEC – A CHARACTER STUDY

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Copyright © 2013 by Robert W. Dallmann

Published February 2013 by ChristLife, Inc.

Author:

Dallmann, Robert, 1962–

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Acknowledgements

I want to honor and glorify Jesus Christ!  He is my King of Righteousness, my King of Peace, my Salvation, and my all in all.  Without Jesus, there would be no need or motivation to write a book of this nature.

I would also like to thank my wife for her efforts in reading, editing, making suggestions, and general support.  Without her, the writing of this book would have taken longer and would have been a more difficult task.

Spiritual Truth

“But the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.”

(1 Corinthians 2:14)

The Bible tells us that an unbeliever cannot understand spiritual things.  Spiritual truth must be comprehended spiritually!  Therefore, if you do not know Jesus Christ as your personal Savior, reading this book will be awkward.  You first need to be introduced to the Gospel which will open your heart and mind to spiritual wisdom.  So READ ON as I now present to you the Gospel.

The Gospel of Jesus Christ

“Moreover, brethren, I declare unto you the gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye have received, and wherein ye stand; By which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain. For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures; And that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the scriptures: And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve: After that, he was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the greater part remain unto this present, but some are fallen asleep.” (1 Corinthians 15:1-6)

To become a Christian, you must completely entrust yourself to Jesus Christ.

-You must believe that you are a sinner who has earned God’s wrath, judgment, and punishment.

-You must believe that Jesus Christ died on the cross for you, in your place, and for your sins.

-You must believe that Jesus was buried and rose from the dead in victory for you.  There were more than five hundred (500) eye-witnesses to His resurrection.

If you truly accept Jesus as your Savior, you are a Christian.  You can pray a prayer like the one below to express your repentance and faith toward God.

Dear God,

I know that I am a sinner and I deserve your punishment, which the Bible calls hell.  I am sorry for not living my life the way you require.

Thank you for sending Jesus, Your Son, to die on the cross in my place for my sins.  Please forgive me, Father.  I am sorry.

Thank you for your love and forgiveness.  I give my life to you and want to live for you.

In Jesus' Name, Amen.

Preface

While this book is written under the premise that Melchisedec is a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ, it is my hope and prayer that reading this will deepen your relationship with Jesus.

Whether you agree that Jesus appeared as Melchisedec prior to His incarnation, or you hold to another view regarding the identity of Melchisedec, understanding the attributes studied in this book should enhance your walk in the Spirit.  The characteristics and information that the Bible provides regarding Melchisedec make for a wonderful Bible study of these characteristics as they apply to Jesus.

Melchisedec is described as the “King of Righteousness”, “King of Peace”, “Priest of the most high God”, and more.  Certainly, if we get to know Jesus more fully in the areas of these characteristics, it will be a benefit to our spiritual life.

“Search the scriptures; for in them ye think ye have eternal life: and they are they which testify of me.” (John 5:39)

“And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: That the man of God may be perfect, thoroughly furnished unto all good works.” (2 Timothy 3:15-17)

Table of Contents

Introduction

Biblical Clues

Melchisedec – King of Righteousness

Melchisedec – King of Salem

Melchisedec – Priest - of the Most High God

Melchisedec – Priest - Forever / Continually

Jesus – Priest Forever After the Order of Melchsedec

Priests - Are There Now Two Active Priests?

Melchisedec Priesthood – Attributes

A Better Priesthood

A New Priest After the Likeness of Melchisedec

Melchisedec – A King and A Priest

Melchisedec and Abraham

Melchisedec and Levi

Melchisedec and God

Melchisedec Gave Bread and Wine

Melchisedec – No Father, No Mother, No Geneology

Melchisedec – No Beginning of Days or End of Life

Other Christophanies – Theophanies

Abraham Rejoiced to See Jesus!

Much to Say – Dull of Hearing

Conclusion

Introduction

Of the mysteries found in the Bible, the identity of Melchisedec is perhaps one of the most intriguing.  He did not have a father or mother.  He had no beginning or end of days.  Jesus is forever a priest after the order of Melchisedec.  Just who is He?  Many suggestions regarding this question have been postulated over the years.

Some have indicated that Melchisedec is Yeshua (Jesus Christ).  Others have hypothesized that He is Michael the archangel.  Still others have speculated that He is Shem the son of Noah, or just an ordinary human being.

While there is not a great deal said about Melchisedec in the Bible, what is said is extremely profound and demands attention.  An entire chapter of the Bible is focused on him (Hebrews 7), and there are a number of clues available in the Bible about this puzzling individual.

The premise of this book is that Melchisedec is in fact a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ.  In other words, Jesus appeared as Melchisedec before His incarnation.

The approach this book will take to substantiate this premise, will be to review the available clues that the Bible gives us about Melchisedec and compare them to what the Bible says about Jesus.  Based upon these comparisons, the evidence will heavily support the conclusion that Melchisedec is in fact an Old Testament appearance of Yeshua, Jesus the Christ!

(Note:  Melchisedec is spelled in two different ways in the King James Version of the Bible.  Therefore, you may see it spelled in the following ways throughout this book.  Melchisedec or Melchizedek)

Biblical Clues

This chapter will simply identify available information about Melchisedec which will be reviewed in later chapters.  This “list” of characteristics is extracted from the Bible.  Subsequent chapters will analyze each item below and compare them with Jesus Christ.

The first mention of Melchisedec in the Bible is in Genesis chapter 14 and is quoted below.

“And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine: and he was the priest of the most high God.  And he blessed him, and said, Blessed be Abram of the most high God, possessor of heaven and earth: And blessed be the most high God, which hath delivered thine enemies into thy hand. And he gave him tithes of all.” (Genesis 14:18-20)

-Melchizedek’s “name” means “King of Righteousness” (see Hebrews 7:2)

-He is called the “king of Salem” (see Hebrews 7:2)

-He brought Abraham “bread and wine”

-He was “the priest of the most high God” continually (see Hebrews 7:3)

-He blessed Abraham (see Hebrews 7:1)

-He blessed the “most high God”

-He received “tithes” from Abram (see Hebrews 7:2)

The next places that Melchisedec is referenced in the Bible are in Psalm 110:4, Hebrews 5:6, 10 and Hebrews 6:20.

“The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.”(Psalm 110:4)

“As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.” (Hebrews 5:6)

“Called of God an high priest after the order of Melchisedec.” (Hebrews 5:10)

“Whither the forerunner is for us entered, even Jesus, made an high priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.” (Hebrews 6:20)

These all speak of Jesus Christ, that He is a priest forever after the order of Melchisedec.

The final Bible references to Melchisedec are from Hebrews chapter 7.  Since these will be dealt with in some detail in later chapters, the entire chapter will not be quoted here.  Some verses to note include:

-Hebrews 7:3 – Melchisedec had no father, mother or descent.

-Hebrews 7:3 – Made like unto the Son of God.

-Hebrews 7:3 – He abideth as a priest continually.

-Hebrews 7:4, 7 – Greater than Abraham.

-Hebrews 7:5, 9-10 – Levi paid tithes to Melchisedec.

-Hebrews 7:6, 13-14 – He is not a descendant of Levi.

-Hebrews 7:8 – Men who die receive tithes; however, Melchisedec is alive and he received tithes.

-Hebrews 7:11-12 – Perfection came from a priest after the order of Melchisedec, a new priesthood was needed.

-Hebrews 7:15 – A new priest arose after the similitude of Melchisedec.

-Hebrews 7:16 – This new priest was not made a priest because of a commandment, but rather due to an endless life.

-Hebrews 7:21-24 – A better and unchangeable priesthood.

-Hebrews 7:25 – The order of the Melchisedec priesthood is able to save to the uttermost.

-Hebrews 7:26 – The order of the Melchisedec priesthood is holy, undefiled, separate from sinners and made higher than the heavens.

-Hebrews 7:27 – The order of the Melchisedec priesthood does not continually sacrifice for sins, He did this once when He offered Himself.

-Hebrews 7:28 – The Law makes priests which have infirmities, but the word of the oath makes the Son.

Simply reading the cited Scriptures should be enough to convince the reader of the identity of Melchisedec.  However, the following chapters will delve deeper into each of these facts about Melchisedec.

Melchisedec – King of Righteousness

Melchisedec may in fact not be the name of the individual but it may be His title.  This name or title comes from two Hebrew words.  The first being “malkiy”, meaning “king” and the second is “tsedeq”, which is defined as “righteousness”.  Thus this word means “King of Righteousness”. (Note: various transliterations of these Hebrew words may be spelled differently.)

This definition is verified in the following verse:

“To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness...”

(Hebrews 7:2)

Whether this is the name or title of this person matters little.  If this is a title, it is not one that a godly “priest of the Most High God” would ascribe to himself.  If it is a name, no God-fearing parents would name their child such a name. (Of course the Bible says that Melchisedec had no father or mother, but we will discuss that in a later chapter.)

As Christians, we know where righteousness comes from and Who the King of Righteousness truly is.  However, here are a couple of things that the Bible says about the King of Righteousness:

“But unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: a sceptre of righteousness is the sceptre of thy kingdom.” (Hebrews 1:8)

“And be found in him, not having mine own righteousness, which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith:” (Philippians 3:9)

A quick search of the King James Version of the Bible reveals 291 occurrences of the English word righteousness.  None of these passages indicates that the righteousness of a person is any good.  As a matter of fact, Isaiah 64 tells us of the value of human righteousness:

“But we are all as an unclean thing, and all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags; and we all do fade as a leaf; and our iniquities, like the wind, have taken us away.”

(Isaiah 64:6)

If Melchisedec were indeed only a human being, to call him the King of Righteousness would assuredly be an affront to Jesus Christ.  If Melchisedec is not a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ, the best this king of righteousness could offer would be “filthy rags”!

Melchisedec – King of Salem

“To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness, and after that also King of Salem, which is, King of peace;” (Hebrews 7:2)

Melchisedec is referred to as the King of Salem, which is the King of Peace.  Similar to being called the King of Righteousness, it is hard to imagine a godly human being taking this divine sounding title for himself.

We know that Jesus is the Prince of Peace.

“For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.” (Isaiah 9:6)

Since a “prince” is the son of a “king”, Jesus the “Prince of Peace”, must be minimally the Son of the King of Peace!  At the very least, that could lead one to believe that Melchisedec was a theophany (an appearance of God in the form of a man).

We know that the kingdom of God includes peace…

“For the kingdom of God is not meat and drink; but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost.” (Romans 14:17)

We know that Jesus is the King of kings…

“And he hath on his vesture and on his thigh a name written, KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS.” (Revelation 19:16)

We know that we have peace with God through Jesus Christ…

“Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ:” (Romans 5:1)

There is an obvious and unbreakable tie between Jesus and true peace.  One must ask why the author of Hebrews finds it essential to define the “King of Salem” as meaning the “King of Peace”?

There were many other kings who ruled in Jerusalem (believed to be another name for the city of Salem.)  Why it is that none of them were referred to as the “king of peace”?

Why are other earthly kings mentioned in the Bible not identified by the meaning of the name of their city?

Why is it that in the case of Melchisedec, the Bible deems it important to tell us the meaning of His name as well as the meaning of the name of the city over which He was king?

Why is it that the definition of His name and the definition of the city of His kingdom both in truth only apply to Jesus Christ?

Righteousness that is acceptable unto God ONLY comes through Jesus!  True peace ONLY comes through Jesus!

Is it possible that this King of Righteousness and King of Peace is in fact a pre-incarnate appearance of the King of kings... Jesus Christ?

Melchisedec – Priest - of the Most High God

“And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine: and he was the priest of the most high God.” (Genesis 14:18)

“For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most high God...” (Hebrews 7:1)

Both the Old and New Testaments identify Melchisedec as the “priest of the most high God”.  These are the only two verses in which the phrase “priest of the most high God” is used.

It should also be noted that both of these references indicate that he was “the” priest… not “a” priest.  Under the Levitical priesthood there was supposed to be only one high priest at a time; however, when a high priest died another would take his place.

Many men filled the role of “high priest” under the Levitical priesthood.  While only one is designated as “the priest of the most high God.”

“Wherefore, holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus;” (Hebrews 3:1)

“Whither the forerunner is for us entered, even Jesus, made an high priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.” (Hebrews 6:20)

The Bible tells us that Jesus is our “High Priest” but He was not from the tribe of Levi.  His priesthood was after the order of Melchisedec and was not Levitical.

Since Jesus is a High Priest after the order of Melchisedec, He too must be “the priest of the most high God”.

“But Christ being come an high priest of good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building;”

(Hebrews 9:11)

Melchisedec – Priest - Forever / Continually

“(1) For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him; (2)  To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness, and after that also King of Salem, which is, King of peace; (3) Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life; but made like unto the Son of God; abideth a priest continually.” (Hebrews 7:1-3)

The context of this passage is clearly speaking of the Melchisedec that encountered, blessed and received tithes from Abraham.  It is important to understand that this is not a reference specifically to Jesus, Who came after the order of Melchisedec.

Reviewing the early verses of Hebrews chapter seven (quoted above), we see that this man met Abraham returning from battle, that he blessed Abraham, and that he received tithes from Abraham.

One may wonder, why make this distinction when the premise of the book is that Melchisedec is a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ?  The main reason is to present the facts as they are contained in the Bible.  Additional reasons will become clear in subsequent chapters.

The passage quoted at the beginning of this chapter makes it clear that Melchisedec abides as a priest of the most high God continually forever.  This is in contrast to God’s promise to David.

“And when thy days be fulfilled, and thou shalt sleep with thy fathers, I will set up thy seed after thee, which shall proceed out of thy bowels, and I will establish his kingdom. He shall build an house for my name, and I will stablish the throne of his kingdom for ever.” (2 Samuel 7:12-14)

God told David that after he died, God would establish his kingdom through his seed.  This was ultimately fulfilled in Jesus Christ.

Interestingly, in both cases, Jesus is the eternal fulfillment of the office.  Jesus is the seed of David Who established his throne forever.  Jesus is also the priest forever after the order of Melchisedec.

Again, the difference between the two; is that David’s seed would hold an eternal throne; whereas, Melchisedec himself would continually serve as priest.

It seems as though the only way Melchisedec could serve continually as priest would be if he were a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ.  This will be discussed further in the next two chapters.

Jesus – Priest Forever After the Order of Melchsedec

“The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.”(Psalm 110:4)

“As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.” (Hebrews 5:6)

As the previous chapter touched on, we can see clearly from the verses above that Jesus Christ is a priest forever.  His priesthood is after the order of Melchisedec and like Melchisedec, it never ends.

This is obviously an important fact in the Bible as it is repeated at least five (5) times. (Psalm 110:4, Hebrews 5:6, Hebrews 6:20, Hebrews 7:17, Hebrews 7:21)  There are two other occurrences (Hebrews 5:10 and 7:11); however, the word forever is not used in these passages.  It simply refers to Jesus being after the order of Melchisedec.

With the name of Melchisedec being mentioned only eleven (11) times in the Bible, it should add weight to the fact that seven (7) of these references are in connection with Jesus being a Priest after the order of Melchisedec.  As previously mentioned, five (5) of these verses indicate that He would forever be such a Priest.

At this point, one should wonder, “Why is it so important that we understand that Jesus is a High Priest forever after the order of Melchisedec?”  It seems likely that such an emphasis on this fact may indicate that Melchisedec is something more that just a mere human king.

Jesus, being made after the order of Melchisedec will be reviewed in more detail in a later chapter.

Priests - Are There Now Two Active Priests?

In the two previous chapters, we established the fact that both Melchisedec and Jesus are Priests forever.  In Hebrews 7:3, the Bible tells us that Melchisedec would abide as a priest continually and that he did not have beginning of days nor end of life.  As for Jesus, several verses mentioned previously tell us that He is a Priest forever.

This raises a very serious question, which appears to be rarely considered.

If both are Priests FOREVER, do we now have two “Active” Priests?

If Melchisedec is not a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus, then it appears that we have two continual, forever, Priests.  This presents a number of potential problems.  We will look at one in this chapter, and subsequent chapters will examine other potential problems.  These chapters will focus on attributes of the Melchisedec priesthood order.  The question we will review in this chapter follows…

Why do we need two Priests?

It would be an affront to most Christians to be presented with the notion that there now exists two valid and active Priests.  The majority of Christians will recognize and honor Jesus alone as our High Priest; however, the fact that the Bible says that Melchisedec himself (not his descendants) would serve continually as Priest, deserves some study.

The Levitical priesthood only called for one high priest at a time.  Why would a “better” priesthood require or allow two?  Lets review what the Bible says when it refers to Jesus as our High Priest.

“Wherefore, holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus;” (Hebrews 3:1)

Every Scripture in which Jesus is mentioned as “High Priest” leaves no room for any other “high priests”.  These passages document things that could only apply to Jesus Christ.  Here are a few examples.

“Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people.” (Hebrews 2:17)

“For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin.” (Hebrews 4:15)

“By a new and living way, which he hath consecrated for us, through the veil, that is to say, his flesh; And having an high priest over the house of God;” (Hebrews 10:20-21)

Clearly, Jesus is an exclusive High Priest.  He alone could accomplish these things for His people.

Not wanting to be redundant, but why do we need another priest?  Why does Melchisedec serve continually as a priest?  The best answer continues to be in the notion that Melchisedec was indeed a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus.

Melchisedec Priesthood – Attributes

Salvation to the Uttermost!

“Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.” (Hebrews 7:25)

While it must be noted that the context of this passage is clearly a reference to Jesus Christ, the rest of the context should also be recognized.  The larger context of this section includes a number of comparisons between the Levitical priesthood and the Melchisedec priesthood.  Below are a few examples of this context.

“If therefore perfection were by the Levitical priesthood, (for under it the people received the law,) what further need was there that another priest should rise after the order of Melchisedec, and not be called after the order of Aaron?” (Hebrews 7:11)

“(For those priests were made without an oath; but this with an oath by him that said unto him, The Lord sware and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec:)” (Hebrews 7:21)

“For the law maketh men high priests which have infirmity; but the word of the oath, which was since the law, maketh the Son, who is consecrated for evermore.” (Hebrews 7:28)

Yes, it is only in Jesus Christ that “salvation to the uttermost” is possible; however, this salvation comes from a Priest forever after the order of Melchisedec.  How could salvation be possible if the Author of that salvation were patterned after the order of someone who was merely a human being?

If Melchisedec is not a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ, if he were only a man, how could Jesus be a Priest after the order of a sinful human being?  If Melchisedec were an angel, as some speculate, how could Jesus be a Priest after the likeness of a creature that He made?

The Levitical priesthood could not provide salvation.  The Law could not bring justification.  However, “salvation to the uttermost” was made available by the Priest forever after the order of Melchisedec.

“Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin.” (Romans 3:20)

If Melchisedec and Levi were both merely men, why would there be a need for the Melchisedec priesthood?  If Jesus could pattern His priesthood after a mere mortal named Melchisedec, why could He not pattern His priesthood after another person; Levi?

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Holy and Separate from Sinners!

“For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens;” (Hebrews 7:26)

In the same context as the previously discussed “Salvation to the Uttermost”, this is clearly referring to Jesus.  We must again review this passage in the light of the Melchisedec priesthood order.

Is it possible that Melchisedec could be nothing more than a human being or a created angel?  Jesus is a High Priest forever after the order of a sinful man?  Is this even conceivable?

The order of the Melchisedec priesthood gave us a High Priest Who is Holy, undefiled, separate from sinners and made higher than the heavens.  Could any human priesthood order produce such attributes?

See Romans 3:20 quoted previously.  The Levitical priesthood, with priestly positions filled by men of the lineage of Aaron, could not bring justification to people.  How is it that the Melchisedec priesthood could produce a sinless Priest made higher than the heavens?

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

No Continual Sacrifice

“Who needeth not daily, as those high priests, to offer up sacrifice, first for his own sins, and then for the people's: for this he did once, when he offered up himself.” (Hebrews 7:27)

Again, this is comparing the inadequacy of the Levitical priesthood with the complete and total sufficiency of the Melchisedec priesthood (i.e. Jesus Christ).  As has been the theme of this chapter, how could the order of the Melchisedec priesthood bring the sacrificial system to completion, if it were patterned after a man (or angel)?

We as Christians know that it was Jesus Christ who was the sacrifice for sin once and for all.  So why does the Bible seem to make such a strong point of the fact that Jesus is a priest after the order of Melchisedec?  Why is the Melchisedec priesthood (theoretically patterned after a man) able to accomplish what the Levitical priesthood could not?

Is it possible that the answer lies in the notion that there really is only one priest in the Melchisedec order?  Perhaps Melchisedec was a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus and these “two” priests are in fact only “one”.

Makes a Son

“For the law maketh men high priests which have infirmity; but the word of the oath, which was since the law, maketh the Son, who is consecrated for evermore.” (Hebrews 7:28)

This passage refers to the oath that God made in Psalm 110:4, that Jesus would be a priest forever after the order of Melchisedec.  This verse is another comparison of the two priesthoods.  The Law appointed men as high priests and these men functioned in their weakness.  These high priests all eventually died and another arose to take his place.  The oath makes a perfect, eternal priesthood.  The oath makes the Son!

This contrast between the law and the oath is truly something to ponder.  The word “maketh” as it applies to the law is the Greek word “kathistēmi” (Strong’s Concordance G2525) and basically means “to set or appoint someone to be over or in charge of something.”  This legal “appointed position” is weak (having “infirmity” as Hebrews 7:28 quoted above states.)

The oath on the other hand, is not weak and it makes the Son!  Amazing!  The oath that Jesus would forever be a priest after the order of Melchisedec “… maketh the Son …”

This Son is consecrated forever.  The definitions of the word “consecrated” include the ideas of “completion” or “to accomplish”.  This is congruous with the context of the priesthood comparisons.  The priesthood of the law could not complete or accomplish salvation; however, the priesthood of the oath, accomplished salvation forever.

How is it possible, that Jesus could be patterned after a mere mortal (Melchisedec) and that could “… maketh the Son …”?  Is it because the King of Peace (Melchisedec) was already the “Son”?

Perhaps Melchisedec, the “King of Peace”, was in fact a theophany.  A theophany is an appearance of God in the form of a person.  This is another possibility that makes sense.  It has been previously noted that Jesus is the “Prince of Peace” and that a “prince” is the son of a “king”.  Thus, the logic would follow as such…

The Son of the “King of Peace” is the “Prince of Peace”.

A discussion of whether Melchisedec was a christophany (pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus) or a theophany (appearance of God the Father in human form) is outside of the scope of this writing.  Such a discussion would need to address the Trinity and unity of God.  This book is focused on comparing the notion that Melchisedec was a created being versus the idea that He was God appearing as a man.

A Better Priesthood

“For the law made nothing perfect, but the bringing in of a better hope did; by the which we draw nigh unto God. (20) And inasmuch as not without an oath he was made priest: (21) (For those priests were made without an oath; but this with an oath by him that said unto him, The Lord sware and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec:) (22) By so much was Jesus made a surety of a better testament. (23) And they truly were many priests, because they were not suffered to continue by reason of death: (24) But this man, because he continueth ever, hath an unchangeable priesthood.”(Hebrews 7:19-24)

As we have seen from previous chapters, when comparing the Levitical priesthood with that after the order of Melchisedec, there is very obvious superiority in regards to the Melchisedec priesthood.  It is also interesting to note that the better priesthood existed prior to the priesthood of Aaron’s descendants and will continue on forever.

On the next page is a quick chart comparing the two priesthoods.  Take note of the things accomplished by the Melchisedec priesthood that could not be accomplished by the Levitical priesthood.  Ask yourself, “Could a priesthood made after the order of any human or angel accomplish these things?”

Better yet, read the descriptions of the Melchisedec Priesthood to a Sunday School class of ten to twelve year olds and ask them, “Who are these descriptions about?”  Don’t tell them in advance that they are ascribed to the Melchisedec Priesthood.  I suspect that they would answer that these thoughts describe Jesus!

Levitical

Priesthood

Verses

Melchisedec Priesthood

Made after the law of a carnal commandment

Heb. 7:16

Made by the power of an endless life

Made nothing perfect

Heb. 7:18

Made perfection

They feared to even have God speak to them

Ex. 20:19

Heb. 7:18

We can draw near to God

Made priests by commandment

Heb. 7:21

Made a Priest by an oath from God

Lesser Testament

Heb. 7:22

Better Testament

Many priests because each eventually died

Heb. 7:23, 24

One Priest because He serves forever

Changeable priesthood

Heb. 7:23, 24

Unchangeable Priesthood

Unable to accomplish salvation

Heb. 7:18, 25

Able also to save them to the uttermost

Had to adhere to strict laws to be able to enter the Holy of Holies once per year

Heb. 7:26

Is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens

Needed to constantly offer sacrifices for sins - first for their own and then for the people

Heb. 7:27

Offered Himself as a sacrifice once for all

Made priests with infirmities

Heb. 7:28

Made the Son, Who is consecrated forever

A New Priest After the Likeness of Melchisedec

“The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.”(Psalm 110:4)

“For he testifieth, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.” (Hebrews 7:17)

“And it is yet far more evident: for that after the similitude of Melchisedec there ariseth another priest,” (Hebrews 7:15)

This study would not be complete without a review of what it means to be after the “order” of Melchisedec.

The Hebrew word used in Psalm 110:4 is the word “dibrah” and it means, “the cause, manner or reason” (Strong’s Concordance H1700).  Thus, Jesus is a Priest forever after the manner and reason of Melchisedec.

“And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call his name JESUS: for he shall save his people from their sins.” (Matthew 1:21)

As we can see from the verse quoted above, one of the main reasons that Jesus came was to be our Savior.  Since Jesus came after the same cause as Melchisedec, was the purpose of Melchisedec also to be our Savior?  We see in Hebrews 7: 25 that the Melchisedec priesthood would bring salvation to the uttermost.

“Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved.” (Acts 4:12)

The Bible makes it clear that there is salvation in no one other than Jesus.  If “salvation to the uttermost” comes from the order of the Melchisedec priesthood and salvation comes from Jesus alone, “Who is Melchisedec?” Is it possible that Melchisedec could be someone other than Jesus?

The Greek word for “order” used in Hebrews 7:17 (which is a reference to the passage in Psalm 110:4) is also interesting.  God inspired the author of Hebrews to use the word, “taxis” (Strong’s Concordance G5010).  Its definition includes such things as, “character, fashion, quality, style”.  It also involves a post, rank or position based upon one’s qualifications.

Thus Jesus is a Priest forever with the character, fashion, quality and style of Melchisedec.  How could Jesus be made after the character of any mere mortal?

Often the Bible compares people to God, but there is no other person that God likens Himself to in this way.  David was a “man after God’s own heart”.  Abraham was a “friend” of God.

Jesus fulfills promises of God to people.  For example, David was promised that a king would reign forever from his lineage.  Jesus is that King.  Jesus is from the line of David, but Jesus is never described as a King after the order of David.

Jesus is only compared to Melchisedec.  Is it conceivable that Jesus is comparable to any person?  Or is it more believable that Melchisedec was a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus?

Hebrews 7:15 tells us that Jesus was made in the “similitude” of Melchisedec.  A brief study of what this word means will also be helpful in our review of this “king of righteousness”.

“And it is yet far more evident: for that after the similitude of Melchisedec there ariseth another priest,” (Hebrews 7:15)

The Greek word used here is the word “homoiotēs” (Strong’s G3665) and its definition includes such things as: “likeness”, “resemblance” and its root word means “similar in appearance or character”.  Again we see the “character” of Melchisedec being associated with the priesthood of Jesus.

It is also interesting to note that this Greek word is used only one other time in the Bible.  The same word is used in Hebrews 4:15 and is also in the context of Jesus Christ, our High Priest.

“For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like AS we are, yet without sin.”

(Hebrews 4:15 – emphasis added)

The word “as” in the verse above is the same Greek word.  In this case, the “similitude” is comparing temptations.  This verse is comparing Jesus’ temptations with those that we face and this verse is saying that the temptations are the same.  Jesus was tempted in all points like we are tempted.  There is no difference in the temptations.  However, there IS a huge difference in the outcome.  Jesus never sinned.

In true Bible-based Christianity, there is no debate with regards to the fact that Jesus was tempted in the same ways as we are.  The temptations in the wilderness are a good example of this.  Jesus was tempted to satisfy His physical hunger.  He was tempted to take short cuts to power.  He was tempted to “test” God and His Word.  Surely, Jesus was tempted in the same ways that we are. (See Matthew chapter 4 and Luke chapter 4)

So why is this being pointed out?  It is being looked at for the purpose of reviewing the usage.  In Hebrews 4:15, this word is used to compare two identical things…

Jesus’ temptation compared with our temptation…

Is it possible that the only other time this word is used in the Bible; it is also comparing two identical things?

Jesus’ compared with Melchisedec…

As the similitudes of the temptations are identical, might it be that Jesus and Melchisedec are also identical?

As previously stated, it is interesting that this Greek word is only used twice in the Bible, and both instances appear to be comparing identical things.  Jesus’ temptations compared with ours, and Jesus with Melchisedec.

A Priest by Endless Life – Not by Command

“Who is made, not after the law of a carnal commandment, but after the power of an endless life.” (Hebrews 7:16)

The previous chapter ended with a review of the verse immediately before the one quoted above.  Specifically, we looked at Hebrews 7:15 in the light of Jesus being made in the “similitude” of Melchisedec.

We begin this chapter with the next verse stating that Jesus was made the High Priest by the “…power of an endless life.”  Hebrews 7:17 re-states the testimony of God from Psalm 110:4, that Jesus was forever a Priest after the order of Melchisedec.

If one of the characteristics of the Melchisedec priesthood is an “endless life”, how could the “original” priest of this order (i.e. Melchisedec) possess such a characteristic if he were only a man?  If Melchisedec is not a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus and this priesthood is characterized by an “endless life”, why would it be necessary to have Jesus take up this priesthood?

The Greek word translated “endless” in this verse is the word “akatalytos” (Strong's G179).  The meaning of this word includes the following:  “indissoluble, not subject to destruction”.  If Melchisedec were merely a man and he were the initial priest in the priestly order named after him, how could this priesthood bear as one of its attributes an “indestructible life”?  Any human life can be destroyed!

Interestingly, the Greek word used for “life” is the word “zōē” (Strong's G2222).  This word has a few definitions ranging from “every living soul” to “the absolute fullness of life … which belongs to God”.

In light of the wonderful things the Bible says about Melchisedec and the priesthood after his order; it is not hard to imagine that the “God-related” definition of life should appropriately apply in regards to this “endless life”.  In fact, one would be hard-pressed to define “life” in the more generic use of the term in light of the word for “endless”.

Which of these two definitions of “endless life” seems more appropriate?

1) Indestructible living soul

2) Indestructible fullness of life belonging to God

An indestructible living soul seems like an oxymoron.  How can a “living soul” be indestructible?  Especially in the light of what Jesus says about it.  Jesus believes that the soul can be destroyed (see Matthew 10:28 below).  However, the fullness of life belonging to God seems as though it would in fact be indestructible!

“And fear not them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.” (Matthew 10:28)

This book will look further into the “endless life” of Melchisedec in another chapter.  Suffice it to say, if the Melchisedec priesthood is characterized by an “endless life”, then there would currently exist two priests in this priesthood, Melchisedec and Jesus!  An earlier chapter examined the question, “Why do we need two priests.”

This problem is resolved if Melchisedec is a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus!

Melchisedec – A King and A Priest

“And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine: and he was the priest of the most high God.” (Genesis 14:18)

Until Jesus’ sacrifice on the Cross for our sin, God’s Law did not call for one individual to be both a king and a priest.  After salvation, God has made a way for all believers to be “kings and priests” unto our God.

“And hath made us kings and priests unto God and his Father; to him be glory and dominion for ever and ever. Amen.” (Revelation 1:6)

Early in the Bible, prior to the Law of Moses, individuals conducted their own priestly duties.  For example: Cain and Abel offered sacrifices (see Genesis 4); Noah offered sacrifices (Genesis 8); as did Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and Job (see Genesis 12, 13, 26, 31 and Job 1).  As great as some of these people were, none of them were kings.

Once the Law of Moses was given, there were many priests; however, there was only supposed to be one high priest at a time.  None of these priests were ever called of God to be king.  Likewise, no king that God ordained was ever also called to serve as priest.

There seems to be only two people specifically identified in the Bible who are called of God to be kings and priests.  They are Jesus and Melchisedec.  Truly only one person is ordained to be our King and our High Priest… Jesus Christ!

Is there anyone other than Jesus Who God ordained to be both a King and a Priest?  Perhaps the hypothesis that Jesus and Melchisedec are the same person bears consideration.

Melchisedec and Abraham

In this chapter, we will examine some of the interactions between Abraham and Melchisedec.  Abraham is the patriarch of God’s people.  He is the father of faith.

Abraham is one of the most important figures in the Bible.  Both the Old and New Testaments have much to say in regards to him.  Therefore, the relationship between Abraham and Melchisedec is worth inspecting.

Melchisedec is Greater than Abraham

“And he blessed him, and said, Blessed be Abram of the most high God, possessor of heaven and earth:” (Genesis 14:19)

Normally, between two people, a person who is “better off” or in a “higher position” will be the one to “bless” the other person.  However, any person can “bless” another.  Blessings amongst people can come in many different forms.

However, in this case, the Bible makes it clear that the “greater one” blessed the “lesser one”.

“And without all contradiction the less is blessed of the better.” (Hebrews 7:7)

The Greek word for “less” in this verse is the word “elassōn” (Strong's G1640) and it means: “less in age, rank or excellence”.  Therefore, Abraham was younger, or a lower rank and/or less excellent than Melchisedec.  It is hard to imagine “Father Abraham” as being described in these ways when being compared to another person.

The lesser rank might be easy to see in light of the fact that Melchisedec is described as a king.  However, God made other kings that Abraham encountered afraid of Abraham.  After all, Abraham had just returned victorious from battle against the kings who had taken Lot captive!  Later in Genesis, God prevented Abimelech from taking Sarah to be his wife and caused him to fear and bless Abraham.

Yes, by title, Melchisedec may have been a greater rank than Abraham.  Yet, in God’s eyes, no other king of Abraham’s time seems to be viewed in this way.

Abraham would definitely have been younger than Melchisedec, if what the Bible says about him is true.  Melchisedec had no beginning or end of days; therefore, he would be infinitely older than Abraham (see Hebrews 7:3).  Of course, the meaning of this reference is debated by those who do not hold to Melchisedec as being a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus.  We will look at this passage in another chapter.

As for Abraham being less excellent than Melchisedec, there is only one way that this could be true.  If Melchisedec is a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus, this would make sense.  Otherwise, to think of Abraham as being less excellent than any other human being seems unthinkable in light of all that the Bible says about Abraham.

The Greek word used for “better” in Hebrews 7:7 is the word “kreittōn” (Strong's G2909).  It is defined as “more useful, more serviceable, more advantageous, or more excellent”.  Again, comparing Abraham to any other person in these terms seems highly unlikely.

If Melchisedec is a “Christophany”, then these comparisons are very easy to make.  If he is simply another person or a created angel, then these comparisons are difficult to understand.

Melchisedec Received Tithes from Abraham

“And blessed be the most high God, which hath delivered thine enemies into thy hand. And he gave him tithes of all.” (Genesis 14:20)

“Now consider how great this man was, unto whom even the patriarch Abraham gave the tenth of the spoils.” (Hebrews 7:4)

Hebrews 7 goes into some detail with regards to Abraham giving tithes to Melchisedec.  It discusses this event in a variety of different angles.  Some of these aspects will be discussed in other chapters; therefore, this chapter will attempt to limit this discussion to aspects not discussed elsewhere (although some overlap will be unavoidable).

In Hebrews 7:2, God’s Word tells us that Abraham gave a tithe to Melchisedec and then goes into some detail to provide information about this man.  The Bible clarifies that he was the “King of Righteousness” and the “King of Peace” (which have been previously reviewed).   The Bible proceeds to tell us that he had no father, mother or descendants and that he had no beginning of days or end of life.  These aspects will be discussed in other chapters.

Hebrews 7:4-6 discusses how Melchisedec was greater than Abraham (previously discussed) and how he received tithes from Abraham.  According to the Law (which would come later), Melchisedec had no right to receive tithes.  Tithes were supposed to be received by the Levites and Melchisedec was not from the tribe of Levi.

Hebrews 7:8 points out the fact that Melchisedec received tithes unlike the Levitical priests.  The Levites received tithes as men who died; however, the Bible testifies that Melchisedec received tithes and yet lives.  While this has been discussed elsewhere, it is such a powerful statement that it bears repeating.

One must honestly ask, “Why does the Bible say so many astounding things about such a seemingly obscure and unimportant figure?”  The obvious answer is that anything in the Bible is important.  However, there is certainly a real emphasis placed on the importance of Melchisedec.

If he was indeed a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ, certainly many questions would be answered.  As one reviews the many Old Testament prophecies and fore-shadowings that are fulfilled in Jesus, it is not difficult to believe that God would reveal Himself in a pre-incarnation appearance.

Melchisedec and Levi

These two individuals represent the two priesthoods that were ordained by God.  Previously, we examined the comparisons that the Bible makes between the two priesthoods.  Clearly, the Word of God indicates that the Levitical priesthood was inferior in every way to the priesthood of the Melchisedec order.  Of course, this fact is undeniable, since Jesus is a Priest after the order of Melchisedec.

Levi Paid Tithes to Melchisedec

In Hebrews 7:9-10, the author makes the point that Levi paid tithes to Melchisedec, while he was yet in Abraham’s loins.  The Bible seems to keep adding “weight” and “importance” to Melchisedec.  Not only did Abraham give tithes to Melchisedec but so did Levi!  The one authorized to receive tithes, paid tithes to this priest.

This is an amazing passage!  The premise is simply that Levi paid tithes to Melchisedec while he was unborn and not even conceived!  One has to ask, “Why is this notion even worth mentioning?”  In some way, God deemed that it was important to point this out.

It is unthinkable to imagine that the author of Hebrews, inspired by the Holy Spirit, would even bother to make such a point, if Melchisedec were nothing more than just a person.  If Melchisedec were simply a human king and priest, how could it be relevant that an unborn Levi would have given tithes to Melchisedec while yet in the loins of Abraham?

There HAS to be something more to it!  Melchisedec MUST be more special than just a king / priest.

Melchisedec – Not a Descendant of Levi

“If therefore perfection were by the Levitical priesthood, (for under it the people received the law,) what further need was there that another priest should rise after the order of Melchisedec, and not be called after the order of Aaron?” (Hebrews 7:11)

The above passage again stresses that Melchisedec was not properly descended from the priestly family.  Perfection was not possible through the Levitical priesthood; however, perfection was made available via the Melchisedec priesthood.

It has been previously questioned, “How could perfection come through a priesthood patterned after a sinful human being?”  Yes, it came through Jesus Christ, but His priesthood was after the similitude and order of Melchisedec.

“For the priesthood being changed, there is made of necessity a change also of the law.” (Hebrews 7:12)

“By so much was Jesus made a surety of a better testament.” (Hebrews 7:22)

Interestingly, the next verse tells that since it was necessary to change the priesthood, it was also necessary to have a change of the Law as well.  Might this possibly refer to the Old Covenant being fulfilled in the New Covenant?  Could the Law of Moses and the Aaronic priesthood, weak because of sin, be fulfilled in the coming of the new priesthood?

The answer, since Jesus is our High Priest after the order of Melchisedec, is YES!  This now brings us to a new question though.  Since the Melchisedec priesthood pre-dated the Levitical priesthood, was the New Covenant actually BEFORE the Old Covenant?  Now that is something to ponder!

Suffice it to say, if Melchisedec is a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus, the problem goes away.  Jesus is the New Covenant.  Jesus existed BEFORE the Old Covenant.  We have no problem with this concept.  However, if Melchisedec is just a human being and Jesus is made after his likeness, then was Melchisedec the initial bearer of the New Covenant?

Levites Die – Melchisedec Does Not

Lastly with regards to comparing Levi and Melchisedec, there is the fact that the Bible says Melchisedec does not and has not died.  This has been noted previously, but there are a number of places in the Bible that document this.  Here are the references to what the Bible says about this. (Note: these references are quoted in other chapters.)

Please read:  Hebrews 7:3, Hebrews 7:8, Hebrews 7:16, and Hebrews 7:24-25.

With so many references to the endless life of Melchisedec, is it possible that the writer of Hebrews was trying to tell us something?  Definitely!

Melchisedec and God

The fact that Melchisedec is the King of Peace and that Jesus is the Prince of Peace has already been discussed.  It has also been noted that a prince is the son of a king.  Therefore, the thought of associating the Prince of Peace (Jesus) with the King of Peace (Melchisedec) has already been presented.

In any case, this chapter will briefly examine Melchisedec and his relationship with God.

Melchisedec Blessed The Most High God

“And blessed be the most high God, which hath delivered thine enemies into thy hand. And he gave him tithes of all.” (Genesis 14:20)

As we can see, Melchisedec blessed the most high God.  Certainly many people throughout the Bible are recorded as having blessed God; however, taken in the overall context, Melchisedec seems to have been able to bless God in a special way.  After all, what human being can claim to be the first in a priesthood order that is able to “save to the uttermost”? (See Hebrews 7:25 previously quoted and discussed.)

Melchisedec – Like the Son of God

“Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life; but made like unto the Son of God; abideth a priest continually.”

(Hebrews 7:3)

“For the law maketh men high priests which have infirmity; but the word of the oath, which was since the law, maketh the Son, who is consecrated for evermore.” (Hebrews 7:28)

The Bible says that Melchisedec was made like the “Son of God”!  What other human being does the Bible ascribe this description to?  Jesus!

The Greek word used for “made like” in Hebrews 7:3 is the word “aphomoioō” (Strong's G871).  This word is used only one time in the entire Bible and it is in this verse.  The word includes the following definitions:  “to express itself in it, to copy, to produce a facsimile, to be made like, render similar”.

What other person does the Bible describe as being a “copy” of God?  Who else is documented to be a facsimile of God?  Jesus!

“Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God:” (Philippians 2:6)

At this point, some are likely thinking that “we are all made in the image of God”.  Thus in that sense, we are all “made like” God.  While this makes sense on the surface, we will need to take a closer look to determine if this is a valid comparison.

The Hebrew word used for “image” is the word “tselem” (Strong's H6754) and includes the following concepts: a shadow, an image, a likeness, an empty resemblance.  This word is used seventeen (17) times in the Bible.  More than half of these references are in regards to false idols and are negative in nature.

Once we get past the English translations of these two words, the comparison becomes dramatically weaker.  Melchisedec being “made like” the Son of God, a word used only once in the Bible with only positive definitions can no longer be viewed in the same light as people being made in the “image” (shadow, empty semblance) of God.

The comparison of the Law “making” a priest with infirmities and the oath “making” the Son with perfection has been discussed in another chapter.  Again, suffice it to say, this also draws a powerful comparison between Melchisedec and Jesus.

Melchisedec Gave Bread and Wine

“And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine: and he was the priest of the most high God.” (Genesis 14:18)

“For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, that the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread: (24) And when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me. (25) After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, this cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me. (26) For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do shew the Lord's death till he come.” (1 Corinthians 11:23-26)

Isn’t it interesting that Melchisedec brought bread and wine as a gift for Abraham?  Here are some thoughts to ponder:

-Abraham is known as the “Father of Faith”.

“Know ye therefore that they which are of faith, the same are the children of Abraham.” (Galatians 3:7)

-“Saving Faith” is based in the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ, it is based on the Gospel! (see 1 Corinthians 15:1-6)

“And the scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the heathen through faith, preached before the gospel unto Abraham, saying, In thee shall all nations be blessed.” (Galatians 3:8)

Amazing!  Abraham is identified as the “Father of Faith” in Galatians 3:7.  Then in Galatians 3:8, Paul tells us that the Gospel was preached to Abraham!

The Gospel of Jesus Christ is His death, burial and resurrection in our place for our sins.  We commemorate this message of Good News by celebrating communion with bread and wine.  Melchisedec brought Abraham bread and wine.

Is there a connection?  Was Melchisedec foreshadowing the Gospel in this gift to Abraham?  Was the Gospel preached to Abraham on different occasions during his life?

Perhaps Abraham was vaguely shown the Gospel in God’s promise that all nations would be blessed through him.  Maybe the Gospel was further illuminated to him via Melchisedec’s visit and gift of bread and wine.  Possibly, Abraham also understood the Gospel when God told him to sacrifice Isaac!

“And Abraham said, My son, God will provide himself a lamb for a burnt offering: so they went both of them together.” (Genesis 22:8)

Bread and Wine were Common Staples

At this point, some might say that bread and wine were common dietary staples, and thus it is not surprising that someone would bless another with these things.  While it is true that there are many passages that refer to bread and/or wine, there is a comparison that we can look at for more insight.

Let us compare Abraham’s “gift of food” for his angelic visitors with Melchisedec’s “gift of food” for Abraham.  We have already seen that Melchisedec brought bread and wine and that the purpose was to bless Abraham.

Here is how Abraham treated his guests:

“And Abraham hastened into the tent unto Sarah, and said, Make ready quickly three measures of fine meal, knead it, and make cakes upon the hearth. (7) And Abraham ran unto the herd, and fetcht a calf tender and good, and gave it unto a young man; and he hasted to dress it. (8) And he took butter, and milk, and the calf which he had dressed, and set it before them; and he stood by them under the tree, and they did eat.” (Genesis 18:6-8)

From Abraham’s hectic approach to blessing his visitors with a gift of food, we can see that honored guests would receive more than bread and wine.  Abraham quickly went to Sarah and told her to start baking, then he ran to get a tender calf and had it prepared.

If Melchisedec were merely a mortal king who wanted to bless and honor Abraham, it seems likely that he would have given Abraham more than simple staples of daily living.  Surely a king could have provided more to a man who had just won a great victory in battle.

Perhaps Melchisedec was “less generous” than Abraham because His gift was “more significant”.  Possibly, Melchisedec’s provision of “bread and wine” foreshadowed Jesus’ provision of eternal life!

What if Melchisedec were a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ Himself?

Melchisedec – No Father, No Mother, No Geneology

“Without father, without mother, without descent...” (Hebrews 7:3)

While some hold this verse to simply mean that there is no known lineage of Melchisedec and others believe that this simply means that the Melchisedec priesthood is not of the lineage of Levi, still others ascribe to various interpretations.  It seems likely that the literal meaning is the accurate understanding.

Study Bible histories of various kings and look at non-biblical historical writings regarding kings from the time period.  It is very difficult to believe that Melchisedec had a mother and father but no one ever documented who they were!  It is very unlikely that the King of Righteousness, King of Peace and Priest of the most high God, would have come from an unknown lineage.  The family of a king was well known.  How is it possible that this great king’s family is unrecorded and unknown to anyone?

For a better understanding of the importance of lineage during Bible days, Read 1 Chronicles chapters 1 through 8.  These chapters demonstrate how much detail was recorded in regards to the lineage of the people.

Melchisedec is unique in the Bible.  The Hebrew words used for “without father”, “without mother” and “without descent” are each used ONLY ONE TIME in the Bible!  These words are not used to describe any other human being.  How can it be that this king alone is the only person to have an undocumented lineage?  Of course, if Melchisedec is indeed a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus.  These descriptions present no problems!

Melchisedec – No Beginning of Days or End of Life

“...having neither beginning of days, nor end of life; but made like unto the Son of God; abideth a priest continually.” (Hebrews 7:3)

“And here men that die receive tithes; but there he receiveth them, of whom it is witnessed that he liveth.” (Hebrews 7:8)

“Who is made, not after the law of a carnal commandment, but after the power of an endless life.” (Hebrews 7:16)

Also read Hebrews 7:23-25

It seems clear that the author of Hebrews deemed it to be very important that we understand that Melchisedec lives forever.  These verses tell us that He had no beginning of days, no end of life; He abides continually as a priest, unlike Levitical priests who die, He receives tithes Who is still living and He is a priest by the power of an endless life.  These thoughts are evidently very significant!

Let’s examine what all of this means.  Does it really mean that Melchisedec and the priesthood after His order is never-ending?

No Beginning of Days - The Greek word translated “beginning” is the word “archē” (Strong's G746) and it is used in several different ways.  However, only one of the definitions makes sense in this case.  That definition is:  “beginning or origin”.

Other definitions include ideas such as “the first place” or the “thing which commences something, the leader”.  While some of these definitions by themselves might apply, the verse is saying that Melchisedec had no beginning of days.  Using some of the other definitions of the word “archē”, the verse might say:

“…having neither first place of days…” or “…having neither leader of days…”

Of course, applying these definitions to the context does not make sense.  Using the definition of “origin” fits perfectly into the context.

No End of Life – Similarly, the Greek word translated “end” has a number of uses.  Again, only one definition applies appropriately in the context of the passage.  The Greek word is “telos” (Strong's G5056) and is contextually defined as “the end” or “termination”.  These definitions make perfect sense in the context of the passage.

Some of the other definitions would cause the phrase to read like this:

“…nor last in a series of life…” or “…nor purpose of life…”

Witnessed that He Liveth – This is truly a powerful statement.  Comparing the Levitical priests who received tithes but died, with Melchisedec Who received tithes and still lives!

The Greek word translated “witnessed” is “martyreō” (Strong's G3140).  This word means:

“…to be a witness, to bear witness, i.e. to affirm that one has seen or heard or experienced something, or that he knows it by divine revelation or inspiration…”

Thus, this “witness” that Melchisedec is still alive has been affirmed by divine revelation!

Equally interesting is the word translated as “liveth”.  This is the Greek word “zaō” (Strong's G2198).  The definitions of this word include the following: “to live (not dead)”, “to enjoy real life (true, worthy, active, and blessed life)” and “powerful or efficacious life”.

The author of Hebrews wants us to know that Melchisedec is very much alive as affirmed by divine revelation.

Endless Life – We have discussed this aspect of the Melchisedec priesthood in another chapter.  Summarizing that information, this phrase means “indestructible life”.  Priests after the order of Melchisedec are not made priests by the Law, but by the power of an indestructible life!

It is very apparent that the author of Hebrews clearly wants us to understand that the Melchisedec priesthood is very different and superior to the Levitical priesthood.  One significant difference is in their life expectancies.  Levitical priests die.  Melchisedec priests do not!

Who could this still living Melchisedec be?  If He is a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus, we have no problem with this eternal priest.

Other Christophanies – Theophanies

While Melchisedec is somewhat unique in the fact that an entire chapter of the New Testament speaks of Him, there are other examples in the Bible of Christophanies and Theophanies. A Christophany is a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus, and a Theophany is an appearance of God in human form.

The purpose of this chapter is simply to demonstrate that the encounter with Melchisedec is not an anomaly.  Here are some examples of likely appearances of God or Christ in human form.

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Notice in the following passage, that this “captain of the host of the Lord” received worship from Joshua.  He actually commanded that Joshua remove his shoes (like Moses before God in the burning bush).  If this were not God, He would not have received worship.

“And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, behold, there stood a man over against him with his sword drawn in his hand: and Joshua went unto him, and said unto him, Art thou for us, or for our adversaries? (14) And he said, Nay; but as captain of the host of the LORD am I now come. And Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and did worship, and said unto him, What saith my Lord unto his servant? (15) And the captain of the LORD's host said unto Joshua, Loose thy shoe from off thy foot; for the place whereon thou standest is holy. And Joshua did so.” (Joshua 5:13-15)

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The following account is that of Nebuchadnezzar having Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego thrown into the fiery furnace.  As you can see, a fourth person appeared with them in the fire and no one was hurt.  Nebuchadnezzar said that the fourth man looked like the Son of God.

“He answered and said, Lo, I see four men loose, walking in the midst of the fire, and they have no hurt; and the form of the fourth is like the Son of God.” (Daniel 3:25)

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In a previous chapter, we discussed Abraham’s visit with the “three men” and the meal he rushed to have prepared for them.  The following passages indicate that one of these men was likely an appearance of God in human form.

“And he lift up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood by him: and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed himself toward the ground, (3) And said, My LORD, if now I have found favour in thy sight, pass not away, I pray thee, from thy servant:” (Genesis 18:2-3)

“And the LORD said unto Abraham, Wherefore did Sarah laugh, saying, Shall I of a surety bear a child, which am old? (14) Is any thing too hard for the LORD? At the time appointed I will return unto thee, according to the time of life, and Sarah shall have a son.” (Genesis 18:13-14)

These are just a few examples of God appearing to people in human form.  With all that the Bible says about Melchisedec, is it impossible to believe that He might also be a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus?

Abraham Rejoiced to See Jesus!

“Your father Abraham rejoiced to see my day: and he saw it, and was glad. (57)  Then said the Jews unto him, Thou art not yet fifty years old, and hast thou seen Abraham?” (John 8:56-57)

Jesus said that Abraham had seen Him!

This is obviously what these Jews understood Jesus to mean.  They mocked and said to Jesus that He wasn’t even fifty years old.  How could Jesus have seen Abraham when He was so young?

Often, when this passage is referenced, it is in the context of Jesus claiming to be God.  In the very next verse, Jesus tells them that before Abraham was, “I am”.

“Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am.” (John 8:58)

The Jews understood that Jesus was claiming to be the great “I AM” who spoke to Moses from the burning bush.  This is clear from the next verse where they took up stones and wanted to kill Him.

“Then took they up stones to cast at him: but Jesus hid himself, and went out of the temple, going through the midst of them, and so passed by.” (John 8:59)

When did Abraham see Jesus?

As noted above, this passage of Scripture is often cited to validate the deity of Jesus, and it does; however, In this chapter, we want to examine the question, “When did Abraham see Jesus?”

It seems that Abraham could have “seen” Jesus possibly during two events, according to the Bible.  The first being when the three visitors came to Abraham telling him that Sarah would have a son.  The two previous chapters of this book discuss this event in some detail.  Abraham rushed to prepare a feast for these guests and called one of them “Lord”.  The context of this situation leaves little doubt that one of these visitors was a Theophany or a Christophany.

The second time whereby Abraham may have “seen” Jesus was when Melchisedec blessed him.  If in fact, Melchisedec was a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus, then Abraham would have seen Jesus during this visit.

Perhaps both of these events were visitations of Jesus to Abraham.  We cannot know for sure; however, we do know that Jesus said Abraham saw Him.

Perhaps neither occurrence was Abraham seeing Jesus.  Some people believe that Jesus’ statement simply meant that Abraham saw the Messiah with the eyes of faith.  In other words, Abraham had known of Messianic prophecies and had received the promise of God and simply believed them.  Thus, he saw Jesus via faith.

However, consider these facts:

-The Jews clearly understood that Jesus said Abraham saw Him.

-Jesus did not deny this when they asked how Abraham had seen someone younger than fifty years of age.

-Jesus told them that He existed before Abraham.

It seems that Abraham actually saw Jesus.  It is very interesting to look at the biblical history in regards to this event and ponder the thought, “When did Abraham see Jesus?”  Melchisedec is certainly a viable answer.

Much to Say – Dull of Hearing

“Called of God an high priest after the order of Melchisedec. (11) Of whom we have many things to say, and hard to be uttered, seeing ye are dull of hearing. (12)  For when for the time ye ought to be teachers, ye have need that one teach you again which be the first principles of the oracles of God; and are become such as have need of milk, and not of strong meat. (13)  For every one that useth milk is unskilful in the word of righteousness: for he is a babe. (14)  But strong meat belongeth to them that are of full age, even those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.” (Hebrews 5:10-14)

The author of Hebrews states that there is much to say about the High Priest of the Melchisedec order.  These things are “hard to be uttered” and the reason is because the audience was “dull of hearing”.  This passage raises a number of questions.

Why would the writer have many things to say about Melchisedec?

This person is only mentioned twice in the Old Testament.  How could there be so much to say about him?  Why would the author say anything about him at all if he were simply a human king?  Of course, if he were in fact a pre-incarnate appearance of Christ, it would be easy to see why there would be much to say.

Why would they be hard to utter?

This is particularly revealing.  The Greek word translated as “hard” is the word “dysermēneutos” (Strong's G1421).  This word is defined as: “hard to interpret, difficult to explain”.

What could possibly be difficult to explain if Melchisedec were merely a created being?  If he were just a king who showed up and blessed Abraham, what would be complicated to understand?  However, as a Christophany, one can readily see how this could be hard to comprehend.

Dull of Hearing – The author of Hebrews notes that his audience was “dull of hearing”.  This is evidently what made the information about the Melchisedec priesthood “hard to utter”.

The Greek word for “dull” is “nōthros” (Strong's G3576).  It is defined as: “slow, sluggish, indolent, dull, and languid”.

The readers of this letter seem to have been slothful with regards to spiritual matters.  The following verses (Hebrews 5: 12-14) say that they should be teachers by now, but that they still needed someone to teach them.

Is it possible that the author expected that they should understand that Melchisedec was in fact Jesus Christ pre-incarnate?

Conclusion

It is this author’s conviction that Melchisedec is a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ.  The overwhelming weight of His characteristics seems to allow for no other reasonable conclusion.

In light of eternity, as long as you have a personal relationship with God through Jesus Christ (our High Priest after the order of Melchisedec), then you are Heaven-bound.  It is NOT a requirement to believe that Melchisedec is Jesus pre-incarnate to get into Heaven.

Having said that, looking at what the Bible says about this King of Righteousness, certainly leads one to the notion that there is something important about this man.  A serious study of the characteristics of Melchisedec will give one a greater appreciation of what Jesus has done for us.

If nothing else, hopefully, this book has given you some “food for thought”.

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Table of Contents

Copyright

Acknowledgements

Spiritual Truth

The Gospel of Jesus Christ

Preface

Introduction

Biblical Clues

Melchisedec – King of Righteousness

Melchisedec – King of Salem

Melchisedec – Priest - of the Most High God

Melchisedec – Priest - Forever / Continually

Jesus – Priest Forever After the Order of Melchsedec

Priests - Are There Now Two Active Priests?

Melchisedec Priesthood – Attributes

A Better Priesthood

A New Priest After the Likeness of Melchisedec

Melchisedec – A King and A Priest

Melchisedec and Abraham

Melchisedec and Levi

Melchisedec and God

Melchisedec Gave Bread and Wine

Melchisedec – No Father, No Mother, No Geneology

Melchisedec – No Beginning of Days or End of Life

Other Christophanies – Theophanies

Abraham Rejoiced to See Jesus!

Much to Say – Dull of Hearing

Conclusion